Thursday, October 27, 2011

Download Ebook The Many Faces of Political Islam: Religion and Politics in the Muslim World

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The Many Faces of Political Islam: Religion and Politics in the Muslim World

Product details

Paperback: 228 pages

Publisher: University of Michigan Press; 1st edition (November 19, 2007)

Language: English

ISBN-10: 0472069713

ISBN-13: 978-0472069712

Product Dimensions:

6 x 0.8 x 9 inches

Shipping Weight: 10.4 ounces (View shipping rates and policies)

Average Customer Review:

4.5 out of 5 stars

10 customer reviews

Amazon Best Sellers Rank:

#960,913 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

Content Summary: Ayoob's book reviews the many political faces of Islam over several countries: Turkey, Indonesia, Pakistan, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Israel and Lebanon among them. He demonstrates that there is no one monolithic understanding of Islam the world-over, and that politically also there is also a diverse array of movements in Islam, from the democratic (such as Turkey), to the fringe terror groups such as Al-Qaeda (whose impact he says, on Islam, is actually quite limited). His intention was to write an introductory text on Islam and Politics, and in this he partially succeeds. It is a good book, but not necessarily accessible for beginning readers.Analytical Review: I have to commend Ayoob for a deft and subtle understanding the nuances in religion and politics all over the Islamic world. Readers should be persuaded that there is in fact no one singular Islamic religious or political world-view, and that there is quite some diversity in the approaches and challenges Muslims today are facing. Ayoob is strongest in his analytical overview (the how and why) but weakest in his concrete, historical overview (the who, what, and when). Quite frankly, I suspect many students who are novices who read this book will become lost in many places. For example, he assumes contextual knowledge of major figures such as Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, without giving them more than line or two. The Shah's overthrow, our support for the coup against Mossadeq, get only a line or two also - this knowledge is assumed not imparted, as is knowledge of Khomeini, Sadat, etc. In short he assumes a lot more concrete historical knowledge of Islamic societies than he actually relays, and this will unfortunately detract from the important impact of his thesis. Experts, go ahead and read - but novices I'd advise you to read up on your history first.

Dr. Ayoob's work on political Islam is a timely assault on many of the myths surrounding the nature and threat of Islamic activism that is often portrayed in popular American media. Dr. Ayoob characterizes the majority of these groups under the title of "Political Islam", which he defines as "a form of instrumentalization of Islam by individuals, groups, and organizations that pursue political objectives." In essence, political Islam seeks to apply Islamic principles to the execution of modern government through acquiring the power of the state.The appeal of political Islam is multifaceted. The author cites the most basic appeal as the romantic notion of a "Golden Age" of Islam at the time of the Prophet and the first four caliphs. The golden age was modeled most prominently in the city-state structure of Medina during this period. Popular conception of this period has been idealized in popular literature and stories much the way the "founding fathers" are venerated in America. This appeal has been maintained throughout the centuries and found major revival in the 19th and 20th centuries as the majority of the Islamic world was brought under European domination during the colonial period.Dr. Ayoob contends the rise of Arab dictatorships in the mid-20th century has greatly aided the growth of political Islam due to the repressive natures of the regimes which often restricted or outlawed public dissent. Therefore dissent was often voiced through religious, rather than political means, and thus has reinforced the perception that religion and politics are inseparable in Islam. In fact, political repression is often so extreme that if many of these governments fall a religious replacement is the only organized option in many states.A number of myths regarding the threat of political Islam are addressed in this book. Dr. Ayoob successfully takes on several key contentions of the pundit masses regarding Islam as a monolithic religion. He asserts that "no two Islamism's are alike", and notes that almost every Islamist movement has characteristics specific to its local character despite similar rhetoric. Dr. Ayoob contrasts six political Islamic movements in Saudi Arabia, Iran, Pakistan, Egypt, Turkey, Indonesia, and finally the insurgent groups Hamas and Hezbollah to prove his case.Dr. Ayoob studies each case where a political Islamic group has risen to power and the resulting effect on civil society. In every example the political Islamist groups have either failed to achieve their lofty goals of a religious state (such as Saudi Arabia and Iran), moderated extreme religious principles for democratic unity (Turkey and Indonesia) , or taken a balanced path (Pakistan and Egypt). In each case, the impact of political Islam was far less radical in execution than rhetoric. One of the key problems for many groups is a common vision of what a perfect Islamic state would look like. Dr. Ayoob largely assigns this to the requirements of governing large and complex societies.Transnational Islamic groups are also addressed; primarily the Al Qaeda movement and also the "Caliphate" movement that have so captured western attention. Dr. Ayoob contends that for all the scare-mongering, the idea of a renewed Caliphate is a fringe idea, with its base of support among British expatriates. He cites numerous surveys to document the extremely small amount of support these groups have and contends western (primarily US) over-reaction is slowly increasing what little support these groups do enjoy. While dangerous, Dr. Ayoob contends that they have no chance of achieving their lofty rhetoric of Islamic domination. On the contrary, most affiliated groups have local, not transnational, goals.Overall, the book was a fascinating insight into a subject that is much misunderstood and often demonized in the American media. Dr. Ayoob's dispassionate analysis succeeds in dispelling many myths of an Islamic juggernaut bent on establishing a new world Caliphate. Indeed, most of these movements are local in nature, and political responses to repressive regimes which fail to address the needs of their peoples. The book was highly readable for the student or casual observer. In compiling this book, Dr. Ayoob has done a great service. I would like to see a more mainstream circulation and discussion of these issues in the mass media.

This is a fascinating book on the major political differences in select examples of predominantly Muslim countries. The author states that he has written this book to make the subject easier to understand for the layman, but it is still a book that benefits from careful reading and re-reading

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Tuesday, October 18, 2011

Free Download Revival: A Novel

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Revival: A Novel

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Audible Audiobook

Listening Length: 13 hours and 24 minutes

Program Type: Audiobook

Version: Unabridged

Publisher: Simon & Schuster Audio

Audible.com Release Date: November 11, 2014

Whispersync for Voice: Ready

Language: English, English

ASIN: B00MAOP6ZS

Amazon Best Sellers Rank:

What I like about King is the way he writes. He's not afraid to ramble, in the process giving readers a lot more character development than writing one dimensional characters.His boomer background is what drives him to go back to revisit the growing up years again and again. His drug use also fueled his creativity and demon. His love for music, too, drives many of his books.Some people may not like the rambling (11/22/63 got similar complaint) but I like it. It's as comfortable as being in a diner listening to regulars telling stories. The story telling is what I go for, not action or "the point". Although I am not a boomer but I find the growing up experience in New England back in the 50's to 70's fascinating. As long as he would write, I would read.

I purchased this novel for my Kindle mostly based on one reviewer's remarks about it being more like King's early work - of which I am a huge fan, though I like a lot of his more recent work, too (I do not subscribe to the theory that an author should not change with the times, age, experience, etc., even if his early stuff was solid gold). I can honestly say that I was not disappointed by the story itself - perfectly creepy and a bit wild, like King himself if I had to guess, although I will say I did not like the ending, though that's not King's fault. I do not require pat, happy endings to a book, but the end of this one not only completely scared the crap out of me (I won't elucidate too much, b/c I do not want to give it away), but suffice to say that the vision of afterlife put forth here is enough to make one wish they had never been born in the first place. Hell looks pretty good by comparison. That's both a compliment and a criticism for the author. Fair warning: the story is tragic, the characters are sad, almost hopeless (the "almost" is what saves them) and the atmosphere is positively bleak throughout. Didn't stop me binge-reading it from beginning to end. I suppose that says it all.

Revival is the life-spanning story of Jamie Morton and his “fifth business,” Pastor Charles Jacobs (who goes by a number of names throughout the book). The story opens with Jamie as a six year old boy, and closes with him in his late fifties. Pastor Jacobs is a friendly, vibrant young man with a passionate interest in all things electricity who is newly-hired as a preacher in Jamie's small town. While their first interactions are pleasant—even profound—Jamie and Charles run into each other a number of other times (and under vastly different circumstances) throughout the book.I had some trouble getting interested in this book until roughly 100 pages in when Jamie's music career begins. The childhood portion of his story is in many ways sweet, but feels a bit rushed on the character development. In fact, I would say that this book had a rushed feel about it overall, at least rushed by King's usual standards, as he is so known for lengthy (and excellent) character development in earlier works. Scenes and people breeze past in Revival before the reader gets much of a chance to get a solid feel for them, and something about it feels underdeveloped.(Mild plot spoilers from this point on:) The strongest section of the book by far is the middle third when Jamie Morton becomes interested in playing guitar, picking up his brother's dusty ax on a whim and finding he is more or less a natural. Once he begins playing with various bands in high school and beyond, there are some great passages lusciously describing the experience of performing live music and all that goes with it: shaky nerves, the thrill of applause, impressing cute girls in the crowd, etc. Jamie primarily plays in cover bands, and King goes to the trouble to mention quite a few specific bands and songs from the fifties and sixties (some nostalgia on his part, no doubt) that they perform, which only adds to the liveliness of these passages. To top this all off, Jamie develops a serious drug problem which makes for a more enthralling read.The section following Jamie's music career (but before the big climax) is only mildly interesting. Jamie is growing older and acquires a job at a recording studio/ranch in Nederland, Colorado. Jacobs is now a traveling tent revival preacher with nationwide hype. He travels from city to city and apparently “heals” people with his secret and powerful electricity inventions. There are some fun moments here (like the over-the-top charismatic religious language), but the healing reverend concept feels like something we've seen before.(SEVERE spoilers, this paragraph only:) Some King readers have taken issue with the big finish to Revival, as it was perceived by many to be a rather random left-turn. The idea of a secret, terrifying “behind-the-curtain” world of damnation and slavery for all mankind at the hands (claws?) of ant-like beasts accessed by means of Jacobs' “secret electricity” seemed to some like a bit of a stretch. I admit, there are hardly any indications earlier in the book that it is leading anywhere remotely supernatural (which, granted, preserves the element of surprise), other than the indication that the electrical force Jacobs has tapped into may have some spiritual or otherworldly origins. The ending reminded me somewhat of the ending to Under the Dome, if only for its completely unexpected turn and inexplicable, there-are-things-bigger-than-us-in-the-universe quality. There is also a definite nod to the works and universe of H.P. Lovecraft (of whom King has been a lifelong fan), specifically the mention towards the end of “The Great Ones.”Personally, I liked the ending, zany though it was. I'm always up for a wildly crazy conclusion in the right time and place. However, this ending almost feels like a random weird conclusion just for the sake of weirdness. The book builds and builds, but it is almost as if King didn't know how to end it in a logical way, so he threw in some Crazy. That's an unfair criticism, I confess. Maybe King had this particular ending in mind the whole time, and the book is simply imbalanced. But again, that is not to say it is, on the whole, bad.Still, anyone claiming that Revival is 'KING'S TRIUMPHANT RETURN TO TRUE HORROR, WITH THE CLASSIC QUALITY OF HIS EARLIER WORKS!' is just a yes-man or -woman who is going to put five stars on anything the man puts out.Revival isn't great, but neither is it crap. In my view, a middling King book is still at the same level of quality as a very good book from any other writer. The man is a genius, but even the masters write a dud here and there.P.S. I did catch a few minor links to The Dark Tower series. There are several mentions of a red race car stenciled on the side with the number 19. Also, I believe the band name Jamie plays with for the longest amount of time, "Chrome Roses," is also a passing reference to TDK universe.

Not one of King's best. The beginning is terrific and draws you in with King's trademark gifts of story telling and character development. The protagonist, Jamie Morgan, is flawed, but likeable. Like some of King's more recent protagonists, he is in recovery (this time, from an addiction to heroin), and seems to be seeking redemption.The problem is not with Jamie, who King fleshes out quite well, but with Charlie/Danny Jacobs, who becomes the villain of this novel. His story line is too weak, and his character development is too flimsy to make him seem believable. Any sympathy the reader develops for him in the early part of the book quickly dissipates as the story builds toward its anticlimactic and disappointing finish, which seems rushed, as if King knew the story sucked, but had to grind it out to fulfill his publication contract.Three-quarters through the book, I wondered how King would be able to wrap it up. He didn't. He just gave up on a story that wasn't going anywhere and threw together an unimpressive and unimaginative ending.This book is not about revival or redemption. It is about facing death without hope of realizing or receiving either. It is about disillusion and disappointment. Which is fitting, since that's what you'll get if you're expecting classic King.

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Wednesday, October 5, 2011

Free PDF The Qur'an: A Historical-Critical Introduction (The New Edinburgh Islamic Surveys)

Free PDF The Qur'an: A Historical-Critical Introduction (The New Edinburgh Islamic Surveys)

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The Qur'an: A Historical-Critical Introduction (The New Edinburgh Islamic Surveys)

The Qur'an: A Historical-Critical Introduction (The New Edinburgh Islamic Surveys)


The Qur'an: A Historical-Critical Introduction (The New Edinburgh Islamic Surveys)


Free PDF The Qur'an: A Historical-Critical Introduction (The New Edinburgh Islamic Surveys)

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The Qur'an: A Historical-Critical Introduction (The New Edinburgh Islamic Surveys)

Review

"The best available overview of the subject...Sinai offers not only new insight into the inner structure of the Qur'an, but also a masterclass in textual analysis." -- Eric Ormsby, Times Literary Supplement

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About the Author

Nicolai Sinai is Associate Professor of Islamic Studies at the Oriental Institute, Oxford University, and a Fellow of Pembroke College, Oxford. He has published on the Qur'an, on pre-modern and modern Islamic scriptural exegesis, and on the history of philosophy in the Islamic world.

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Product details

Series: The New Edinburgh Islamic Surveys

Paperback: 224 pages

Publisher: Edinburgh University Press; 1 edition (October 1, 2017)

Language: English

ISBN-10: 074869577X

ISBN-13: 978-0748695775

Product Dimensions:

9.2 x 0.4 x 6.1 inches

Shipping Weight: 14.1 ounces (View shipping rates and policies)

Average Customer Review:

3.6 out of 5 stars

4 customer reviews

Amazon Best Sellers Rank:

#313,717 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

This is a great book for an unbiased, scholarly investigation into the Quran. Finally we have a resource for studying the Quran from a historical-critical point of view and not from a muslim apologist or anti-muslim crusader. This book is for those seeking detailed, unvarnished textual analysis of the Quran. I hope this will be the beginning of more books from this author and others who want to help get to the bottom of how, when and where the Quran was really written.

This is a disappointing book that could have served as an excellent introduction to the Historical-Critical analysis of the Qur'an. Over the last few years, analysis of the Qur'an has revealed several interesting ideas including those of Gabriel Said Reynolds The Emergence of Islam, Carlos Segovia The Quranic Noah, Stephen Shoemaker Death of a Prophet, Daniel Beck The Evolution of the Early Qur'an, and Fred Donner Muhammad and the Origins of Islam. These texts suggest that the Quran was written and compiled between the 550s and 710s, based heavily on Aramaic and Syriac Christian writings, in a Christian not a pagan location, in Palestine rather than in Mecca and Medina, and by a community that only became Islamic in the 690s. Sinai downplays all these important arguments by any method possibly and so 're-invents the wheel' in arguing for a traditional account without using historical-critical methods.

I think what other reviewers failed to acknowledge is this book is introductory. Sinai's work doesn't cover every single factor it could have, but it covers some of the most important main points: What factors have caused scholars to believe surahs are Medinan versus Meccan? What can reliably be attributed to Muhammad, and what might be later interpolation? What influences were there on Qur'anic interpolation? Without this information, more scholarly works (such as Gabriel Reynolds' "The Qur'an and the Bible") would be overwhelming.If you're looking for a full introduction to Islamic thought, this isn't the book to read. This book is an introduction to Qur'anic critical scholarship. A particular reviewer claims that Sinai gives the impression that the only scholarly opinions that matter are those of white people who speak European languages. This simply isn't true. Sinai outrightly disagrees with many of the scholars he refers to. For example, he explicitly states that he doesn't entirely agree with the chronological scheme of Weil and Noldeke, though he openly admits the merits of their work. He also disagrees with Crone--and others--who disbelieve modern Mecca was the actual site of Muhammad's original revelations. However, he refers to these scholars because he is introducing the reader to historical-critical scholarship. It's obvious he'll refer to European scholars, and do so extensively.As an Islamic studies student, I can vouch for the credibility of this book's contents. This is a must-have introduction. It may not cover all aspects of Qur'anic sciences (I'd recommend Recep Dogan's works on tafsir and fiqh), but it is a great primer. It's a technical read, so you can't expect to sit down and read it through in a day or two (unless you're already well-read in these topics, beyond the need for this type of book).

I expected a more nuanced approach from an established scholar. Instead Sinai gives one the impression that the only studies of the Quran one needs to investigate in order to understand the text are those written by white people in European languages. While many studies continue to be written on the history, language, style and themes of the Quran in Arabic, Persian and other languages. Sinai does not include a single one of these texts in his bibliography, such as Kuttab al-Nabi, "Scribes of the Prophet" by Mustafa al-Azami, which details the role that some companions of the Prophet are said to have had in compiling the Quran during his lifetime. It is also quite remarkable that he leaves out Azami's book on the collection of the Quran in English.Sinai is also not honest about the importance of the historical material regarding the Quran and likens it to the material regarding the collection of the Bible without acknowledging that material regarding the Quran was written within two hundred years of the origin of the text, while that regarding the Old Testament was written over 1000 years of the origin of the text. This makes for some comparisons that are quite misleading for those who do not know the traditions well. The book may still be better than anything else that is out there in book form in the Euro American academy. Nonetheless, it illustrates how far the western study of the origins of Islam has to go if it is to be uprooted from colonialist and collonializing assumptions.

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